lasted from 1500 BC-100 BC 

     Colonies 

• during the time period between 800 BC & 400 BC population grew from 800,000 to about 10-13 million
• Aegen Coast of Asia Minor to the east colonized first. Followed by Cyprus & Thrace, the sea of Marmara & the south coast of the Black Sea
• eventually reached as far as present days Ukraine & Russia (Taganrog) 
• to the west the coasts of Illyria, Sicily & Southern Italy were settled, followed by Southern France, Corsica & even Northeastern Spain. Also found in Egypt and Libya. 

     Government & Law

• ancient Greek law
• most greek city-states seemed to have petty kingdoms
• often a city official carrying some residual, ceremonial functions of the king (basileus)

     Social Structure

• only free, land owning, native-born men could be citizens entitled to the full protection of the law

                    Slavery 

• slaves had no power or status
• they had a right to have a family and own property, subject to their masters goodwill and permission, but no political rights
• Chattel slavery had spread through Greece by 600 BC
• by 5th century BC slaves made up one-third of the total population in some city-states

                    Education

• most Greek education was private, except in Sparta
• some city-states established public schools during Hellenistic period
• only wealthy families could afford a teacher

                    Economy 

• at its economic height, in the 5th and 4th centuries BC, ancient Greece was the most advanced economy in the world 

     Culture

          Philosophy

• focused on role of reason and inquiry
• in ways had an influence on modern philosophy, as well as modern science     

          Literature 

• placed considerable emphasis on it

          Science and Technology 

• contributed many important developments to math, including basic geometry
• developed astronomy, which they treated as a branch of mathematics
• also made important discoveries in the medical field

          Art and Architecture

• art excercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries from ancient times to the present, particularly in the areas of sculpture and architecture

          Religion and Mythology  

• stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their religious practices 

Food

• was easily raised in the rocky terrain
• breakfast eaten just after sunrise bread dipped in wine)
• lunch was bread dipped in wine again, along with some olives, figs, cheese or dried fish.

Super was main meal

•  eaten after sunset
• consisted of vegtables, fruit, fish, and possinley honey cakes

• sugar was unknown to ancient Greece so naturally everything was sweetened with honey
• fish was main source of protein
• beef was very expensive
• beef and pork were only available to poor people during religious festivals
• there were no eating utensils
• feta cheese was very popular
• wine was the main drink

Expert Topic: Greek Gods and Goddesses

                    Twelve Olympians

• Zeus (and wife Hera)
• Poseiden
• Ares
• Hermes
• Hephaestus
• Aphrodite
• Athena
• Apollo
• Artemis
• Demeter
• Hades

Zeus

• king of gods, the ruler of mount olympus, and god of sky and thunder
• known as Jupiter in Roman mythology
• symbols are : thunderbolt, eagle, bull, and oak
• child of Cronus and Rhea
• youngest of his siblings
• husband to Hera
• father to many, they were: Aphrodite(by Dione), Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Hermes, Persephone (by Demeter), Dionysus, Perseus, Heracles, Helen, Minos, Muses (by Mnemosyne), and Ares, Hebe, and Hephaestus (by Hera)

Hera

• wife and older sister of Zeus
• goddess of woman and marraige
• known as Juno in Roman mythology
• cow and peacock were important to her
• daughter to Cronus and Rhea
• partrayed as majestic and solemn, often enthroned and crowned with the polos
• may bear a pomegranate in her hand
• known for her jealous and vengeful nature, most notably against Zeus's paramours and offspring, but also against mortals that crossed her, such as Pelias. Paris earned her hatred by crowning Aphrodite as most beautiful goddess

Poseiden

• god of the sea and earthquakes,
• also known as the "Earth-Shaker", or Neptune in Roman mythology
• was venerated at Pylos and Thebes in pre-olympian Bronze Age Greece, but was integrated into the Olympian gods as the brother of Zeus and Hades
• father of Theseus, Tritan and Polyphemus
• in Athens, he was second in importance to Athena

Ares

• god of war, battlelust, civil order and manly courage
• usually depicted ad either a mature, bearded warrier dressed in battle arms, and a nude, beardless youth with helm and spear
• often difficult to identify in classical art due to his lack of distinctive attributes
• known as Mars in Roman mythology

Hermes

• the messenger of gods as well as the guide to the underworld
• symbols include: tortoise, the cock, winged sandals, and Caduceus
• known as Mercury in Roman mythology
• parents were Zeus and Maia
• fathered Eros, Pan, Hermaphroditus, Tyche, Abderus, and Autolycus

Hephaestus

• god of technology, blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, and volcanoes
• symbols are: hammer, anvil, and tongs
• consorted Aphrodite and Charis
• mother was Hera
• father of Erichthonius of Athens
• known as Vulcan in Roman mythology
• siblings were Ares, Eres, Hebe, and Eileithyic

Aphrodite

• goddess of beauty, love, and sexual desire
• symbols are: dolphin, rose, scallop shell, Myrtle, dove, sparrow, and swan
• consorted Hephaestus
• parents were Zeus and Dione
• known as Venus in Roman mythology

Athena

• goddess of strategic warfare, wisdom, weaving, and heroic endeavour
• patron goddess of Athens
• symbol was the owl
• parents were Zeus and Metis
• known as Minerva in Roman mythology
• Athens built the Parthenon to warship her

Apollo

• god of music, poetry, and oracles
• parents were Zeus and Leto
• only sibling was Artemis
• fathered Asclepius, Troilus, Aristaeus, and Orpheus
• also known as Apollo in Roman mythology

Artemis 

• goddess of the hunt, forests, hills, and the moon
• symbol was the bow and arrows
• parents were Zeus and Leto
• only sibling was Apollo
• known as Diana in Roman mythology

Demeter

• goddess of agriculture and wheat
• symbols were the torch or a sheaf of wheat or barley
• parents were Cronus and Rhea
• mothered Persephone, Zagreus, Desponia, Arian, Plutus and Philomelus
• known as Ceres in Roman mythology

Hades

• god of the underwolrd and riches
• symbols were Cerberus, Helm of Darkness, Helmet of Invisibility, Cypress, Narcissus and the Key of Hades
• consorted Persophone
• parents were Cronus and Rhea
• known as Pluto, Dis Pater, or Orcus in Roman mythology 

References

All images came from www.google.com

All information came from www.wikipedia.com