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Ancient Greece*

Page history last edited by Shannon Rokis 14 years, 2 months ago

Ancient Greece

 

     The Ancient Greek civilization had a great impact on the modern civilizations of today. They discovered many mathematical theories and architectural advancements. Hippocrates, a physician in the classical period, was known as the 'father of medicine' and was the first to classify medicine as a profession. The Ancient Greek's were the first to discover the Olympic Games, which have become a world wide event.

 

Geographical Map of Ancient Greece

 

  Ancient Greece map

 

 

Political Map

 

 

 

Geography

*1 

 

     Greece is located in southeastern Europe. Its peninsula, which extends from the Balkins to the Mediterranean Sea, is mountainous with many bays and gulfs. Many areas of Greece are stony and suitable only for pasturage. Other areas are ideal for growing wheat, barley, citrus, dates, and olives.

 

Ancient Greece could be divided into three main geographical regions: northern Greece, central Greece, and Peloponnese. Northern Greece is separated into Epirus and Thessaly by the Pindus mountain range. Thessaly, the largest plains area in Greece, is surrounded by mountain ranges. The Cambunian range hosts the highest mountain, also known as the home of the gods, Mt. Olympus. Central Greece has more mountains than the northern regions. It contains the divisions of Aetolia, Locris, Acarnania, Doris, Phocis, Boeotia, Attica, and Megaris. Peloponnese's main region is Arcadia.

 

There was a high demand for trade in Greece due to the lack of fertile land. Individual city states were formed without unity because they were all blocked off from one another by the mountains. This led to a civil war and eventually the downfall of Ancient Greece.

 

 

Technological Advancements

*2

 

 

        Ancient Greek mathematicians contributed many important theories to the development of math. They made discoveries in the number theory, applied mathematics, and mathematical analysis. Geometry was discovered, as well as the idea of formal mathematical proof. The discoveries of Pythagoras, Euclid, and Archimedes are still taught in mathematics today. The Greeks discovered astronomy, which was treated as a sophisticated branch of mathematics. Heraclides Ponticus was the first to propose that the Earth rotates around its axis.

 

 

 

 

          Important developments in the medical field were discovered by the Ancient Greeks. Hippocrates, considered to be one of the most outstanding figures in medical history, was a physician in the classical period. He was the founder of the Hippocratic School of medicine and is now referred to as the "father of medicine". This school established medicine as a discipline distinct from other fields, making medicine a profession.

 

 

 

 

Religious Beliefs/ Mythology

*3 

     Ancient Greek mythology consists of stories concerning Greek gods and heroes. They are usually about the significance of their religious practices and the nature of the world. The twelve Olympians were the main Greek gods: Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Demeter, and Hades. Each god had control over a certain aspect of nature, for instance, Hyperion had control over the sun and Poseidon ruled over the sea and earthquakes. The gods were immortal but did not have absolute power, as they had to obey fate.

 

     The Greeks believed in an underworld in which spirits went after their death. It was believed that if a funeral was never performed that spirit would not make it to the underworld and would haunt the earth as a ghost. The largest area of the underworld was known as Hades. Tartarus was known as the place of torment where the damned were sent. The third realm was called Elysium. It was thought to be the most pleasant place in the underworld.

 

 

 

Greek Myth:

The Creation of Man

*4 

     Prometheus was assigned the task of creating man and animals by Zeus. He created man out of mud and Athena breathed life into the clay figures. Epimetheus, Prometheus' brother, was chosen to give special gifts to all animals for protection. Once Epimetheus came to man, he had given out all the gifts to animals already, so there was nothing left to give. Prometheus decided to give man fire to compromise for his brother's mistake. Zeus thought it was necessary to weaken man after they were granted fire, so he ordered Hephaestus to create women. Hephaestus created women with beauty, grace and charm. The first woman created was named Pandora. She was given to Epimetheus as a gift. Zeus gave Pandora a box as a gift which she was forbidden to open. Pandora let her curiosity get the best of her and opened the box. It released all the plagues of mankind, such as disease, pain, sorrow, envy, and death. She quickly shut the lid, trapping nothing but hope inside. The expression of Pandora's Box is still used today.

 

 

 

 

Economics and Trade 

*5 

     The economy of Ancient Greece relied heavily on importing goods. Craftsmanship and commerce developed in the 6th century and became increasingly important in the classical period. Greek agriculture is based around cereals, olive oil, and grapes. After the development of craftsmanship, slaves began to be used in workshops. Slaves only created fine dyed tissue in workshops. The pottery in ancient Greece was also done by slaves. Work related to metal, leather, wood, or clay was looked down upon by many Greeks, as it was a specialized activity. Workers who worked on state projects were paid one drachma per day. Their work day would begin at sunrise and end in the afternoon.

 

 

 

 

     The Greeks engaged in maritime trade with Cyrenaica, Egypt, and Italy based on the necessity for importing wheat. Other imported products included grain, pitch, linen, wood, metals, fabrics, papyrus, and spices. Greeks exported wine, pottery, and olive oil. Athens was known for selling silver coins, appreciated for their elegance, and marble.

 

 

 

Political Structure

  *6

     Ancient Greece developed hundreds of independent city states. The geography of Greece, divided by hills, mountains, and rivers, contributed to the development of city states. Although Greece was divided into many separate city states, Greek people thought of themselves as one culture that shared religious beliefs and spoke the same language.

 

 

Art and Architecture

*7 

 

     Greeks had amazing skills in the areas of sculptures and architecture. The temples of Ancient Greece were beautiful works of architecture. They served both religious and political purposes. The Greeks had three distinct styles of architecture: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Many of the sculptures created by Greek artists tell stories of gods, heroes, events, mythical creatures, and Greek culture. Greek sculptures are divided into seven time periods: Mycenaean Art, Dark Age, Proto-Geometric, Geometric Art, Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic.

 

 

 

 

The Olympics

*8 

 

 

     The world famous Olympic Games were invented by the Ancient Greeks in honor of their gods. The early Olympics began in 700 BC, in honor of Zeus. Women were not allowed to watch the games and only Greeks could participate. The games, held in Olympia, were expanded from a one day wrestling event to 5 days with many different events. On the middle day of the festival one hundred oxen were sacrificed in honor of a god. The foot race took place on the second day of the games. There were four different types of races in Olympia: stadion, 2-stade races, long distance run, and a race in which participants wore full armor (to build strength and speed for military).

 

 

 

 

Bibliography

 

 

 

http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Main_Page/

section 7

Jan 4/10

 

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_role_did_geography_play_in_development_of_early_civilizations

section 1

Jan 5/10

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greece

sections 2, 3, 4 & 6

Jan 5/10 

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_in_ancient_Greece

sections 5 & 7

Jan 15/10

 

http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Sculpture/

section 7

Jan 15/10

 

http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Olympics/

section 8

Jan 15/10

 

 

 

Comments (18)

Danielle said

at 11:30 am on Jan 12, 2010

looking fantastic :)

Daniel said

at 11:35 am on Jan 19, 2010

Knowledge / Understanding: 3
Thinking / Inquiry: 3
Clear expression of ideas: 3
Overall impact and creativity: 2
References: 3



Logan said

at 11:58 am on Jan 19, 2010

awsome
Info: 3
Thinking: 2
Expression: 3
Impact/Creativity: 2
Refrences: 3

Jessie said

at 12:00 pm on Jan 19, 2010

Awesome! great job shannnooooo!

Knowledge and understanding 4
Thinking and inquiry 4
Clear expression of Ideas 4
Overall impact and creativy 4]
Refferences 3

Danielle said

at 12:00 pm on Jan 19, 2010

looks really good
knowledge/understanding-3
thinking/inquiry-2
clear expression of ideas-3
overall impact and creativity-2
references-2

Aaron Tourand said

at 12:03 pm on Jan 19, 2010

good info good understanding way to go

knowledge/understanding 3
thinking/inquiry 3
clear expression of ideas 3
overall impact 3
references 2

Krissy said

at 12:03 pm on Jan 19, 2010

Knowledge/understanding 3
Thinking/inquiry 3
Clear expression of Ideas 3
overall impact 3
References 2

very nice looks wonderful :)

Angela said

at 12:06 pm on Jan 19, 2010

I liked the info, and the setup was very well done.

Knowledge/Understanding:3
Thinking / Inquiry:2
Clear expression of ideas:3
Overall impact and creativity:3
References:2

Tasha Bruce said

at 12:08 pm on Jan 19, 2010

knowledge/understanding 3
thinking/inquiry 3
clear expression of ideas 3
overall impact and creativity 3
references 2

Carlin James T. Kirk said

at 12:09 pm on Jan 19, 2010

Carlin.Tingey:
Knowledge/Understanding:2
Thinking / Inquiry:2
Clear expression of ideas:3
Overall impact and creativity:2
References:3

Ryan said

at 12:12 pm on Jan 19, 2010

Knowledge/ Understanding: 3
Thinking / Inquiry: 3
Clear expression of ideas: 3
Overall impact and creativity: 3
References: 3

Devan said

at 10:31 pm on Jan 19, 2010

Devan M.


Good info! It was very well organized.


Knowledge/Understanding:3

Thinking / Inquiry:3

Clear expression of ideas:3

Overall impact and creativity:3

References: 3

dezirai cassidy said

at 10:42 am on Jan 20, 2010

Knowledge/understanding 3
Thinking/inquiry 3
Clear expression of Ideas 3
overall impact 3
References 2

Simon Quarenghi said

at 11:34 am on Jan 20, 2010

K/U: 3
T/I: 2
C Exp Ids: 3
Ovll: 2
Ref: 2

bjohal said

at 11:43 am on Jan 20, 2010

knowledge/understanding 3
thinking/inquiry3
clear expression of ideas 3
overall impact and creativity 3
references 2

The Captain said

at 11:46 am on Jan 20, 2010

SOLID
Knowledge 3
Thinking 3
clear expression 3
impact 3
refference 3
overall 3

Evan Odiorne said

at 11:48 am on Jan 20, 2010

Knowledge: 3 Thinking: 3 Expression: 2 Creativity: 3 Referances: 2
Overall: 3

Colton said

at 2:40 pm on Jan 24, 2010

Knowledge / Understanding: 4
Thinking / Inquiry: 3.5
Expression of ideas: 4
Impact and creativity: 3
References: 3
Overall: 3.5

Very nice!

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